Scarr Cottages

348 Westmorland Street, the last Scarr Cottage to be built

GENERAL

Type / Purpose

Private Residence

Location

Saunders and Westmorland streets, Fredericton, New Brunswick

Description

The Scarr Cottages are a series of ten cottages found across Saunders and Westmorland streets Fredericton. They were built by William J. Scarr between 1895 and 1901, and all share a similar one-and-a-half storey "L"-shaped massing. They can be distinguished through their various color palettes

Heritage Value

Today we're doing something a little different and looking at a group of buildings tied together by the rise and fall of a prominent local architect.

Near the end of the 19th century, Fredericton experienced a major economic boom, leading to widespread growth. The physical boundaries of the town expanded, resulting in Westmorland Street, which had originally ended at Charlotte Street, being extended to Saunders Street in 1890 and then again in 1895 to the newly created Aberdeen Street.

William Joseph Scarr was an architect who decided to capitalize on this expansion. He focused on creating cottages on these new streets. He engaged in speculative housing, where the houses were constructed without a specific buyer in mind with the hope that they would be purchased after completion. This strategy was very risky, as failure to sell even a single house would be a significant blow to his finances and credibility.

In 1896, he erected his first cottage at 327 Westmorland Street. In all, he built a total of ten cottages which all shared a similar design. They are one-and-a-half stories tall, have an L-shaped plan, and are built from wood. The architecture is a combination of the Queen Anne Revival and Classical Revival styles, and the houses are all topped by a medium-pitched gable roof with returned eaves. These features allow the cottages to be easily recognized.

Despite decent sales, the riskiness of Scarr's financial endeavours caught up to him, and he ended up running a deficit. Creditors came after him, and he found himself unable to pay them. He absconded in 1901, sneaking aboard a westward train along with his eldest son shortly after completing his final house at 348 Westmorland Street. He left behind unpaid debts, unfinished contracts (including one for the prolific 1901 Exhibition Building), and most of his family.

Though he never returned to Fredericton, he continued to practice housing contracting at his new home in British Columbia and again after resettling in Alberta, where he reunited with his family.

Heritage Recognition

Five of the Scarr Cottages were designated as Local Historic Places (municipal) on April 26th, 2010: 338 Westmorland Street, 332 Saunders Street, 344 Saunders Street, 327 Westmorland Street, and 348 Westmorland Street

ARCHITECTURE

Date of Construction

1895-1901

Character Defining Elements

- One-and-a-half storey "L"-shaped massing
- Wooden frame
- Mixture of Queen Anne Revival and Classical Revival elements
- Medium-pitched gable roof with returned eaves
- Large rectangular single, double and triple windows

Builder/Building Company

William J. Scarr

SOURCES AND DOCUMENTS

Photos
Photo by the City of Fredericton, taken from historicplaces.ca

Sources Contributors

Gabrielle Byrne

Copyright 2023
A Ginger Design