The St. Andrews Land Company Building was commissioned as a headquarters for the St. Andrews Land Company in 1889. The St. Andrews Land Company was established in 1883 to capitalize on the village's seaside location, hoping to attract beach lovers turned off by overcrowding at Maine's popular Bar Harbor and Old Orchard Beach. It consisted of American businessmen, assisted by Sir Leonard Tilley. The company started by purchasing massive tracts of land in the area and selling them to rich locals and summer vacationers. In 1889, they erected the famous Algonquin Hotel, which additionally served as extra business space. That same year, the first train to arrive in St. Andrews came from the Canadian Pacific Railway. Other projects they embarked on included building a golf course in 1894 and enlisting Sir William Van Horne and Robert Armstrong of the Saint John Globe to set up a newspaper that would be printed at the Land Company Building. This paper, known as the St. Andrews Beacon, ran from 1888 to 1919. Thanks to their work, St. Andrews remains a popular vacation spot to this day.

This building is also important for being exemplary of Victorian-era Italianate commercial architecture. It has triple Roman arches over the entrance and the windows, and corbel bands and brackets along the roof's cornice. Notably, this building is the only 19th-century brick commercial structure in the entire town, as brick was rarely used as a building material in St. Andrews.